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Yıldırım, Rahel, et al. Materials Chemistry and Physics 275 (2022): 125212.
Sulfonated reduced graphene oxide (rGO-SO₃H) was employed as a functional support for the in situ formation of copper (0) nanoparticles (Cu NPs), yielding a highly efficient catalytic system (Cu@rGO-SO₃H) for the reduction of thioflavine-T (ThT) dye. The preparation of the Cu²⁺@rGO-SO₃H pre-catalyst was achieved through a straightforward wet impregnation method.
Specifically, 100 mg of rGO-SO₃H was dispersed in a beaker, followed by the addition of 5 mL aqueous CuCl₂∙2H₂O solution (5.48 mg), targeting a 2 wt% copper loading. The mixture was stirred at 700 rpm for 3 h to ensure homogeneous metal ion distribution. The resulting solid was separated by vacuum filtration, washed thoroughly with distilled water, and dried at 100 °C under vacuum.
This Cu²⁺-loaded rGO-SO₃H served as a pre-catalyst, wherein the Cu⁰ nanoparticles were generated in situ at the onset of the reduction reaction using NaBH₄ as a reductant. The presence of sulfonic acid groups on the rGO surface enhanced dispersion, stabilization, and anchoring of copper species, ultimately boosting the catalytic activity.
This work illustrates the critical role of rGO-SO₃H as a high-surface-area, functionalized support for noble-metal-free catalytic systems used in wastewater dye remediation.
Yıldırım, Rahel, and Mehmet Gülcan. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 46.64 (2021): 32523-32535.
Sulfonated reduced graphene oxide (rGO-SO₃H) was employed as a high-surface-area, functional support for the synthesis of ruthenium nanoparticles (Ru⁰), forming an efficient catalyst (Ru@rGO-SO₃H) for hydrogen production via the hydrolytic dehydrogenation of methylamine-borane (MeAB).
The catalyst was synthesized through a two-step wet-chemical route. Initially, 100 mg of rGO-SO₃H was dispersed in 10 mL of water, followed by the addition of RuCl₃·xH₂O (5.28 mg, 20.2 μmol), corresponding to a 2 wt% theoretical Ru loading. The mixture was stirred for 3 h at room temperature to facilitate Ru(III) adsorption onto the sulfonated graphene surface. Subsequently, 2 mL of freshly prepared NaBH₄ solution (12.07 mg, 303 μmol) was introduced to reduce the coordinated Ru³⁺ ions into metallic Ru⁰ nanoparticles. Stirring continued for an additional 30 minutes to ensure complete reduction.
The resulting solid was separated by centrifugation (6000 rpm, 5 min), washed thrice with deionized water to eliminate residual ions, and dried under vacuum at 353 K. The sulfonic acid functionalities of rGO-SO₃H played a key role in stabilizing the Ru nanoparticles and enhancing catalytic efficiency.
This method demonstrates the utility of rGO-SO₃H as a robust platform for noble metal catalyst fabrication in sustainable hydrogen generation applications.
Poursalehi, Fatemeh, et al. Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry 971 (2024): 118593.
Sulfonated reduced graphene oxide (SRGO) has been successfully employed in the fabrication of high-performance, binder-free cathodes for lithium-ion batteries through a scalable electrophoretic deposition (EPD) process. This study demonstrates the integration of SRGO sheets with LiNi₀.₈Mn₀.₁Co₀.₁O₂ (NMC811) and carbon black (CB) to overcome common limitations such as graphene restacking and conductivity loss.
The cathode composites were prepared by dispersing NMC811 and CB particles in an acetone-iodine EPD medium. The positively charged particles were electrophoretically deposited onto aluminum substrates. SRGO was introduced into the suspension post-sonication to ensure uniform distribution and effective co-deposition. The presence of sulfonic acid groups on SRGO provided enhanced electrostatic stability and improved interfacial contact among components, resulting in robust electrode architectures.
Various compositions were fabricated, including NMC/SRGO10, NMC/SRGO15, and NMC/SRGO20, with SRGO content ranging from 10 to 20 mg. Similarly, NMC/SRGO15/CB electrodes were optimized with CB loadings of 3-7 mg. The electrodes were deposited at 60 V for 2.5 minutes and dried under vacuum at 60 °C overnight.
The inclusion of SRGO significantly improved electron conductivity, minimized particle agglomeration, and preserved the porous structure critical for electrochemical performance. This work highlights SRGO's potential as a strategic nanocarbon additive in advanced battery electrode engineering.
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