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Xu, Yang, et al. Chemical Engineering Journal 496 (2024): 153873.
Nickel nanowires (NiNWs) have been employed as a free-standing three-dimensional current collector for the preparation of lithiophilic hosts to stabilize lithium metal anodes. To address the challenges of lithium dendrite growth and unstable interfaces during cycling, NiNWs were fluorinated using polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) decomposition at 600 °C under argon, forming NiNWs\@NiF₂ decorated with lithiophilic NiF₂ nanosheets.
The surface modification significantly lowers the Li nucleation barrier, promoting uniform Li deposition. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations and electrochemical experiments confirmed the enhanced lithiophilicity and improved ion transport kinetics of NiF₂. Additionally, in situ formation of a LiF-rich nanoscale solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) contributes to interfacial stability and suppresses side reactions.
The 3D NiNWs framework offers a robust and conductive network that accommodates volume changes during cycling, while ensuring rapid electron transfer. As a result, the Li-NiNWs\@NiF₂ symmetrical cell demonstrates outstanding cycling stability, maintaining over 2500 hours of operation at 1.0 mA cm⁻² and 900 hours at 5.0 mA cm⁻². In full-cell configurations with LiFePO₄ (LFP), the Li-NiNWs\@NiF₂ anode retains 93.9% of its capacity after 2000 cycles at 5C.
This study highlights the dual benefits of structural and interfacial engineering using NiNWs, presenting a scalable and effective route toward next-generation, dendrite-free lithium metal batteries.
Guo, Ruihong, et al. Chemical Engineering Journal 491 (2024): 152028.
Nickel nanowires (NNWs) have been utilized as a conductive scaffold for the in situ growth of CoFe₂O₄ nanosheets to create a high-performance bifunctional electrocatalyst, CoFe₂O₄@NNWs, designed for hydrazine-assisted hydrogen production. This hybrid nanostructure effectively replaces the sluggish oxygen evolution reaction (OER) with the hydrazine oxidation reaction (HzOR), offering a lower energy pathway for overall hydrazine splitting (OHzS) under alkaline conditions.
The synthesis involves hydrothermal growth of CoFe₂O₄ on NNWs, followed by freeze-drying and calcination at 300 °C under N₂. The resulting heterojunction enhances interfacial electron density regulation, facilitating improved H* adsorption and efficient N₂H₄ dehydrogenation. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations support these mechanistic insights.
Electrochemical measurements demonstrate remarkable catalytic activity: overpotentials of only -91 mV (HzOR) and 45 mV (HER) at 10 mA cm⁻², and ultra-low cell voltages of 0.028 V (10 mA cm⁻²) and 1.227 V (1000 mA cm⁻²) for full OHzS operation. Compared to traditional overall water splitting (OWS), this system reduces the required potential by 1.67 V at the same current density.
The NNWs framework enhances electron transport and provides mechanical stability, while the 2D CoFe₂O₄ nanosheets expose abundant active sites and accelerate electrolyte diffusion. This work establishes NNWs as a powerful platform for the design of multifunctional electrocatalysts in sustainable hydrogen energy systems.
Revathy, Ramany, Manoj Raama Varma, and Kuzhichalil Peethambharan Surendran. Materials Research Bulletin 120 (2019): 110576.
Nickel nanowires (Ni NWs), synthesized via a template-free wet chemical reduction method, offer unique hierarchical architectures and tunable magnetic properties critical for next-generation magnetic memory devices. This study demonstrates that the morphology of polycrystalline Ni nanostructures-ranging from sea-urchin-like nanoparticles to elongated nanowires-can be precisely controlled by adjusting the reaction pH. The self-assembly of nanoparticles into wire-like structures is governed by magnetic dipolar interactions, producing a morphology analogous to the Euphorbia plant stem.
Magnetic characterization reveals a significant morphology-dependent enhancement in coercivity and saturation magnetization. At room temperature, Ni NWs exhibit a coercivity of 139.71 Oe and saturation magnetization of 56.21 emu/g, compared to 119.82 Oe and 49.83 emu/g in spherical nanoparticles. These enhancements are attributed to increased shape anisotropy in the wire structures.
However, long-term stability studies indicate surface oxidation of Ni NWs over 12 months, with up to 25% conversion to NiO confirmed by XPS. This oxidation introduces exchange anisotropy at the Ni/NiO interface, altering hysteresis behavior and potentially compromising performance. Furthermore, thermal annealing above 500 K accelerates this transformation.
These findings highlight the importance of controlling morphology, storage conditions, and oxidation resistance in the design of Ni nanowire-based magnetic materials, offering valuable insights for applications in data storage and nanoelectronics where magnetic precision and durability are paramount.
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